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The flights land in Lima at midnight and it is two am before a taxi gets you to the hotel. One full day in Lima and then you fly early to Cusco. All it takes there is one deep breath to gain a whole new appreciation of the Inca. The city is at 11,000 feet of altitude and visitors quickly get dizzy, short of breath, and headaches.
Sights in the Inca museums also take your breath away.
From Cusco, we can tour local towns and markets. We see buildings constructed on foundations of original Inca stonework and visit nearby ruins and Alpaca farms. But we can’t sleep unless we pay extra to have oxygen pumped into the hotel rooms. (Not making this up!)
The important thing to remember about Machu Picchu, is that it is actually 3,000 feet lower in altitude than Cusco. That’s important because there are many, MANY steps to climb. It also is important to remember that we are in the Andean Jungle. The area is as high as Pike’s Peak in Colorado, but warm and humid. They call the surrounding area the “Cloud Forest”.
We climb well-worn steps for a first panoramic view of the city. We’ve scheduled a morning tour, nearby lunch, and then a free afternoon in the ruins.
Machu Picchu was built in the 1400’s. The location is remote and well-hidden. It was thought to be a resort or retreat for elite Inca. Five hundred people resided here. Most structures are on a saddle-back on Machu Picchu Mountain and surrounded by a defensive wall. The familiar peak behind the city is called Wayna Picchu.
Inside the walls are homes, temples, and large ceremonial plazas and markets. Most structures are made of rough stone and cement. But more important buildings used the remarkable and impressive closely-fit stonework. Without metal tools, the Inca carved perfect rock joints and fittings. Just remarkable!
Outside the walls are agricultural terraces, storage areas, and military watch-points. Incredibly, soil was transported from the river valley below to make the gardens more fertile. The Sun Gate and Inca Trail lead off to the west.
Less than 100 years after the city was begun, Spanish invaded and took the Inca Capital in Cusco 50 miles away. Machu Picchu was abandoned and the residents left for safer venues. But the Spanish never found the city and it was only rediscovered by the English-speaking world in 1911.
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